1. Electric Charges Definition : Electric charge is a fundamental property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electric and magnetic field. There are two types of charges: positive (+) and negative (-). Unit : The SI unit of charge is the coulomb (C) . 2. Conservation of Charge Principle : The total charge in an isolated system remains constant over time. Charge cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred between bodies. Implication : This principle is a fundamental law of nature, ensuring that charge is conserved in all processes. 3. Coulomb’s Law – Force Between Two Point Charges Statement : Coulomb's law gives the force between two point charges. It states that the force between two charges is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Mathematically: F = k e ∣ q 1 q 2 ∣ r 2 F = \frac{k_e |q_1 q_2|}{r^2} where: F F is ...
